Data and Analysis

data and analysis icon
Data and analysis involves understanding how computing systems collect, store, and process data and how people can use this data to make inferences and predictions. The increasing importance of data science and artificial intelligence points to the increasing need for understanding the basic elements of data and its analysis.

FOUNDATIONAL CONTENT

Level Learning Outcome
Remember DA.1 – Identify and define data types (e.g., string, numeric, Boolean)
DA.2 – Identify basic data formats (e.g., tables, schemas, JSON)
Understand DA.3 – Describe, at a high level, the role of data in AI/ML applications
DA.4 – Understand the difference between data and metadata
DA.5 – Describe how different types of data (e.g., audio, visual, spatial, environmental) can be collected computationally
Apply DA.6 – Transform and prepare (e.g., normalize, merge, clean) data
DA.7 – Apply principles of inclusive collaboration to a project involving the analysis of dataIC
Analyze DA.8 – Trace how data moves through a program
DA.9 – Analyze data using computational thinking principles to make inferences or predictionsCT
Evaluate DA.10 – Evaluate approaches to cleaning data in a given context
DA.11 – Assess whether and how a given question can be answered using computational methods and data, and what specific data is needed
DA.12 – Assess societal impacts of data analysis and related ethical issues (e.g., biased data used to train AI systems, attribution related to products of generative AI)IE
DA.13 – Evaluate data visualizations for clarity, potential biases, etc.
Create DA.14 – Select, organize, interpret, and visualize large datasets from multiple sources to support a claim and/or communicate information
DA.15 – Devise plans for using data to solve a problem
DA.16 – Create a data analysis artifact (e.g., a visualization) using principles of human-centered designHCD

In the topic area tables, we use a system of superscripts to indicate which Pillars relate to which learning outcome: 

  • Computational Thinking → CT
  • Human-Centered Design → HCD
  • Inclusive Collaboration → IC
  • Impacts and Ethics → IE

EXAMPLES OF INTEGRATING THE PILLARS AND DISPOSITIONS

Impacts and Ethics Inclusive Collaboration Computational Thinking Human-Centered Design Dispositions
  • Consider data privacy issues related to a program
  • Consider ethical issues related to data visualization, such as bias, accessibility, etc.
  • Ensure representation of diverse voices in data collection, visualization, and analysis
  • Iteratively analyze data with feedback from family or community
  • Identify what data is needed to solve a problem
  • Identify patterns in data to solve a problem
  • Help address a community concern using data
  • Use data from real-world contexts
  • Use critical thinking skills to test data models against real-world datasets
  • Use creativity in designing data visualizations
Reimagining CS Pathways: High School and Beyond